One question can prevent a lot of confusion: “Exactly what might I have to pay your agency, and when?”
Ask for the answer in writing before you appoint an agent or enter an arrangement that creates a payment obligation.
The explanation should identify who pays, how the amount is calculated, whether applicable tax is included, when payment becomes due and which services it covers. Ask what happens if the transaction does not complete, and whether any third-party costs are separate.
If several agencies are involved, clarify which agreement applies to you. A fee paid by the seller and a fee charged to the buyer are not interchangeable; understand the actual arrangement rather than assuming local practice will answer it.
You can also ask whether a recommended service provider pays a referral fee. That information helps you assess the recommendation.
These are sensible questions for any agent, whatever their professional designation. Asking them is part of making an informed purchase, not an accusation of poor practice.
Quick answers
Who pays estate-agent fees when buying in Spain?
The actual agreement determines who pays. Ask whether you owe a buyer fee even if the seller also pays commission.
What should an agency fee agreement explain?
It should explain the amount or calculation, applicable tax, services, payment trigger and what happens if the purchase fails.
When does an estate-agent commission become payable?
Check the agreed payment trigger in writing before committing. Do not assume every agency uses the same arrangements.
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General buyer information. Obtain advice specific to your property, agreements and circumstances before committing.